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67th Czech and Slovak Mathematical Olympiad

Czech Republic geometry

Problem

Let be an isosceles trapezoid with longer base . Let be the incenter of triangle and the -excenter of triangle . Prove that and are parallel. (Patrik Bak)

problem
Solution
Let be the incenter of triangle . Since , it suffices to show . Let . Then and , implying that the quadrilateral is cyclic (Fig. 3).

Fig. 3

As , are bisectors of alternate interior angles, they are parallel. Together with the cyclic quadrilateral we obtain which concludes the proof.

Techniques

Triangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleCyclic quadrilateralsAngle chasing