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counting and probability intermediate
Problem
The faces of a cubical die are marked with the numbers , , , , , and . The faces of another die are marked with the numbers , , , , , and . What is the probability that the sum of the top two numbers will be , , or ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Solution
The outcome of the first dice can be , , , or . For each of these cases, we can find the possible outcomes for the second dice that makes the sum of the top two numbers , , or , and then calculate the respective probabilities. Case 1 - the first dice is 1: the outcome of the second dice can be , , or . There is a probability of rolling a with the first dice and a probability of rolling a , , or with the second dice. Case 2 - the first dice is 2: the outcome of the second dice can be or . There is a probability of rolling a with the first dice and a probability of rolling a or with the second dice. Case 3 - the first dice is 3: the outcome of the second dice can be or . There is a probability of rolling a with the first dice and a probability of rolling a or with the second dice. Case 4 - the first dice is 4: the outcome of the second dice can be , , or . There is a probability of rolling a with the first dice and a probability of rolling a , , or with the second dice. , so the answer is .
Final answer
B