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59th Ukrainian National Mathematical Olympiad

Ukraine geometry

Problem

In triangle , by are denoted tangency points of excircles of tangent to sides and , respectively. Let be the center of circumscribed circle of , and be the center of its inscribed circle. It is known that . Prove that .

problem


Fig.29
Solution
Let be the centers of excircles, be the point, symmetrical to with respect to point (fig. 29). Let us look at . is its orthocenter, since bisectors of outer and inner angles are perpendicular. It is also clear that is the center of Euler's circle of this triangle. Then, point is the center point of circumscribed circle of . Then,

, which yields , since .

Hence, lines , and intersect at point .

Clearly, is a trapezoid. Points are symmetrical with respect to the median perpendicular of , since . Then, is an isosceles trapezoid, and . Let us also note that quadrilaterals and are inscribed. Then,

Techniques

Triangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleCyclic quadrilateralsTangentsAngle chasingRotation