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counting and probability intermediate
Problem
A bag has 4 red and 6 blue marbles. A marble is selected and not replaced, then a second is selected. What is the probability that both are the same color?
Solution
The probability that both marbles are red is given by: The probability that the first marble is red is . After drawing a red marble, there are 3 red marbles and 9 marbles total left in the bag, so the probability that the second marble is also red is . Therefore Similarly, the probability that both marbles are blue is given by: The probability that that the first marble is blue is . After drawing a blue marble, there are 5 blue marbles and 9 marbles total left in the bag, so the probability that the second marble is also blue is . Therefore Since drawing two red marbles and drawing two blue marbles are exclusive events, we add the individual probabilities to get the probability of one or the other occurring. Therefore:
Final answer
\frac{7}{15}