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jmc

number theory senior

Problem

Let denote the least common multiple of positive integers and . Find the number of ordered triples of positive integers for which , , and .
Solution
It's clear that we must have , and for some nonnegative integers . Dealing first with the powers of 2: from the given conditions, , . Thus we must have and at least one of equal to 3. This gives 7 possible triples : and . Now, for the powers of 5: we have . Thus, at least two of must be equal to 3, and the other can take any value between 0 and 3. This gives us a total of 10 possible triples: and three possibilities of each of the forms , and . Since the exponents of 2 and 5 must satisfy these conditions independently, we have a total of possible valid triples.
Final answer
70