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Hong Kong Preliminary Selection Contest

Hong Kong algebra

Problem

Let be an integer. If the equation has an integral root, find the sum of all possible values of .
Solution
Let be an integral root of the equation. Then we have , which can be rewritten as , or . Hence divides , and so divides as well. Thus can only be or , which we plug in to one by one: When , we get which gives no integral solution for . When , we get . When , we get . When , we get which again gives . Therefore, the sum of all possible values of is .
Final answer
6

Techniques

IntegersTechniques: modulo, size analysis, order analysis, inequalities