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jmc

geometry senior

Problem

The triangle shown is an equilateral triangle with side length 12 cm. A side of the triangle is the diameter of the circle. If the sum of the areas of the two small shaded regions in square centimeters in simplest radical form is , what is ?
problem
Solution
First, observe that the radius of the circle is units. Also, cuts off the two arcs and , so . Subsituting and into this equation, we find . By symmetry, and are congruent, so each one measures degrees. It follows that and are equilateral triangles. Therefore, we can find the area of each shaded region by subtracting the area of an equilateral triangle from the area of a sector.

The area of sector is . The area of an equilateral triangle with side length is so the area of triangle is . In total, the area of the shaded region is Therefore, and .
Final answer
33