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62nd Ukrainian National Mathematical Olympiad, Third Round, Second Tour

Ukraine number theory

Problem

Find all triples of positive integers , , , such that where by we denote the largest common divisor of integers , .
Solution
If numbers , , have a common divisor, we can divide by it and get a triple of integers , , , whose largest common divisor is . As , is divisible by . But , as explained above, so . Similarly we get that our numbers are pairwise coprime, so , implying .
Final answer
(n, n, n) for any positive integer n

Techniques

Greatest common divisors (gcd)