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counting and probability senior
Problem
The science club has 25 members: 10 boys and 15 girls. A 5-person committee is chosen at random. What is the probability that the committee has at least 1 boy and at least 1 girl?
Solution
We can use the idea of complementary probability to solve this problem without too much nasty casework. The probability that the committee has at least 1 boy and 1 girl is equal to 1 minus the probability that the committee is either all boys or all girls. The number of ways to choose a committee of all boys is , the number of ways to choose a committee of all girls is , and the total number of committees is , so the probability of selecting a committee of all boys or all girls is . Thus the probability that the committee contains at least one boy and one girl is .
Final answer
\dfrac{475}{506}