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Ireland geometry
Problem
Consider the points , , , in this order on a line, such that The perpendiculars on raised from and meet a line through at the points and , respectively. Let be the intersection of and . Prove the following statements:
a. Line is tangent to the circumcircle of .
b. The point is the midpoint of .


a. Line is tangent to the circumcircle of .
b. The point is the midpoint of .
Solution
Because is the perpendicular bisector of , triangle is isosceles with . Similarly, in the isosceles triangle . We have (external angle) and .
Combining these equalities, we obtain hence which means that is tangent to the circumcircle of . This proves (a).
To prove (b) we note that since and . Consequently, which means that is the midpoint of .
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Alternative solution.
Let be the intersection of and . Since , . On the other hand, as and are parallel, we have hence . This shows that is the centroid of the isosceles triangle and intersects at its midpoint. This proves part (b).
From our calculation above we get thus is a parallelogram. This implies that . From the symmetry of the isosceles triangle we obtain , hence and is tangent to the circumcircle of triangle .
Combining these equalities, we obtain hence which means that is tangent to the circumcircle of . This proves (a).
To prove (b) we note that since and . Consequently, which means that is the midpoint of .
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Alternative solution.
Let be the intersection of and . Since , . On the other hand, as and are parallel, we have hence . This shows that is the centroid of the isosceles triangle and intersects at its midpoint. This proves part (b).
From our calculation above we get thus is a parallelogram. This implies that . From the symmetry of the isosceles triangle we obtain , hence and is tangent to the circumcircle of triangle .
Techniques
TangentsAngle chasingTriangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleDistance chasing