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Turkey algebra
Problem
Let , , be distinct real numbers and be a real number. Given that three numbers among coincide, prove that .
Solution
Let Then we get For , the set can not include three identical elements. Similarly, for , the set can not include three identical elements since if two of , , are equal, then two of , , are equal which is not possible. Consider the case . Since , , are distinct, using the equations above, we get for any odd and even . Therefore the sets and should be disjoint. Therefore if there are three identical elements in , then either or . W.L.O.G. assume that . In this case, we have
is a common root of the three 2-nd order polynomials given above, and hence we obtain that where , . There must be another common root different from , and hence which is equivalent to which is not possible since , , are distinct. Therefore we get .
is a common root of the three 2-nd order polynomials given above, and hence we obtain that where , . There must be another common root different from , and hence which is equivalent to which is not possible since , , are distinct. Therefore we get .
Final answer
x = 1
Techniques
Polynomial operationsQuadratic functions