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Print62nd Ukrainian National Mathematical Olympiad, Third Round, First Tour
Ukraine counting and probability
Problem
You are given a set of not necessarily distinct numbers , (meaning that some of them can be equal). Consider all nonempty subsets of this set, and for each such subset, find the sum of its elements. What largest number of these sums could turn out to be equal to ? For example, for a set we have nonempty subsets: , , , , , and , and among them there are exactly two subsets with sum . (Anton Trygub)
Solution
Example, where we reach equality, is: .
Final answer
2^{n-1}
Techniques
Counting two waysColoring schemes, extremal arguments