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Cesko-Slovacko-Poljsko 2013

2013 geometry

Problem

Let be a cyclic quadrilateral with , let be the circle centered at tangent to , and let be the incenter of . Show that the line through parallel to is tangent to .

problem


problem
Solution
Let be the line tangent at to the circumcircle of . Since is the midpoint of the arc , we have , and we see that is tangent to . Similarly, if is the midpoint of the arc of , then is tangent to the circle centered at tangent to . Thus the line symmetric to with respect to is tangent to and (Fig. 2). However, the well-known relations and imply that and are symmetric with respect to . Hence lies on and it remains to show that . This follows from (all angles here are directed).

Fig. 2

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Alternative solution.

Let denote the line through parallel to . is the orthogonal projection of on , is the midpoint of (Fig. 3). We have Applying the well-known relation , we conclude right triangles and are congruent, so . The conclusion follows.

Fig. 3

Techniques

Cyclic quadrilateralsTangentsTriangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleAngle chasingDistance chasing