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counting and probability intermediate
Problem
A point is randomly selected such that and . What is the probability that ? Express your answer as a common fraction.
Solution
Rewrite as . This inequality is satisfied by the points on and under the line . Sketching this line along with the rectangle determined by the inequalities and , we find that the points satisfying are those in the shaded triangle (see figure). The area of the triangle is square units, and the area of the rectangle is square units, so the probability that a randomly selected point would fall in the shaded triangle is .
Final answer
\frac{1}{4}