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BMO 2010 Shortlist

2010 geometry

Problem

A triangle is given. Let be the midpoint of the side of the triangle and the image of point along the line . The circle with center and radius intersects the lines and at the points and respectively. Let be the point of intersection of with the line , and the point of intersection of with the line . The perpendicular from point to the line , intersects the lines and at the points and , respectively. If is the second point of intersection of the circumscribed circles of the triangles and , prove that the lines , and intersect at a common point.

problem
Solution
From the point we draw a parallel to the line , which intersects and at the points and respectively. Therefore, since from the construction hypothesis we have that , that is is the midpoint of the segment . If is the midpoint of the chord we have and therefore and since we will have . Therefore, the quadrilateral is cyclic, so .

Since , we have . Therefore, we conclude that the quadrilateral is cyclic and since it implies that , so is the height of the triangle , that is the point is the orthocenter of the triangle , since from our hypotheses . In addition, since the quadrilateral is cyclic it is known that the second point of intersection of the circumscribed circles of the triangles and will be located on the . It suffices now to prove that the points , and are collinear. It is true that from the cyclic quadrilaterals , and follows From the later relations we have , so the points , and are collinear, therefore the lines , and are concurrent. □

Techniques

Cyclic quadrilateralsTriangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleAngle chasingConcurrency and Collinearity