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29° Olimpiada Matemática del Cono Sur

Argentina geometry

Problem

Let be an acute-angled triangle with , incenter and circumcenter . Let be the point diametrically opposed to on the circumcircle of the triangle . Prove that
Solution
By considering the inscribed angle in the circumcircle of the triangle , we have that ; then, . Since is a point of the perpendicular bisector of , then is also on this line. Therefore, the triangle is equilateral.

On the other hand, we have that . It follows that is on the circumcircle of . By applying Ptolemy's theorem to the quadrilateral , we obtain: and, recalling that , we conclude that

Techniques

Triangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleCyclic quadrilateralsAngle chasing