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Estonia number theory
Problem
Nonzero integers , and satisfy . Prove that among , , there are two integers which have a common divisor larger than 1.
Solution
Multiplying the given equation by we get .
If , , were all odd, then , and were also odd and their sum could not be .
If one of the numbers , , was even and the others were odd, then two of the numbers , and were even and one odd, which also would not add up to .
Hence at least two of the numbers , , are even, which satisfy the conditions.
If , , were all odd, then , and were also odd and their sum could not be .
If one of the numbers , , was even and the others were odd, then two of the numbers , and were even and one odd, which also would not add up to .
Hence at least two of the numbers , , are even, which satisfy the conditions.
Techniques
Greatest common divisors (gcd)Integers