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jmc

counting and probability senior

Problem

Three couples go to the movie theater. They want to seat people together for maximum enjoyment, but instead they randomly file into a row with six seats. What is the probability that they sit in a socially optimal configuration, in which each person is sitting next to his or her partner?
Solution
There are ways to pick people to fill the first two seats, and 3 ways for those two people to be a couple, for a probability that the first two seats are a couple. If a couple is seated successfully, there are ways to seat people in the next two seats, and 2 ways for those two people to be a couple (you could pick either of the two remaining couples), for a probability that those two seats are a couple. If the first two couples are seated successfully, the last two seats will be guaranteed to go to the last couple. So, the probability that everything goes right is .
Final answer
\frac{1}{15}