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Japan Mathematical Olympiad

Japan geometry

Problem

Let be the circum-center of a triangle . When points and were chosen on the line segments and , respectively, the mid-point of the line segment coincided with the point . If , and , determine the value of . Here for a line segment we denote also by its length.
Solution
\boxed{\frac{4\sqrt{21}}{7}}

Let be the point of intersection of the line and the circum-circle of the triangle , which lies on the opposite side (on the same side, respectively) as the point with respect to the line . Let , and . Then, we have . From the similarity of the triangles and it follows that from which it follows that and therefore, we get and we have . From the similarity of the triangles and , we also get , from which we get . Let now , then . Applying the law of cosine to the triangles and , we get from which we get and therefore, we have From this it follows that and , which gives the desired answer to the problem.
Final answer
4*sqrt(21)/7

Techniques

Triangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleTriangle trigonometryAngle chasing