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India_2017

India 2017 geometry

Problem

Let be an acute-angled triangle with incentre . Draw a line perpendicular to at and let it intersect and at and respectively. Let and be respectively the incentres of the triangles and . Suppose the four points are concyclic. Prove that .

problem
Solution
Join and . Let be the centre of the circle passing through . Let denote the reflection of in . Since , it follows that lies on . Since and are symmetric about the line , and and are also symmetric about , it follows that lies on . Since lies on and lies on the line , we conclude that . This means is the perpendicular bisector of . Since is already the perpendicular bisector of , it follows that is parallel to . Consider the circumcircle of the triangle . We have Since , we see that . Hence is tangent to the circumcircle of at . Hence the circumcentre of the triangle lies on the line . This implies that is the perpendicular bisector of as well. It follows that . Thus . Since is the perpendicular bisector of and that of , we see that is an isosceles trapezium. Hence are concyclic. This gives . Therefore and hence .

Techniques

Triangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleTangentsCyclic quadrilateralsAngle chasingTriangle trigonometry