Browse · MATH
Printjmc
geometry senior
Problem
The region shown is bounded by the arcs of circles having radius 4 units, having a central angle measure of 60 degrees and intersecting at points of tangency. The area of the region can be expressed in the form square units, where is a radical in simplest form. What is the value of ? 
Solution
Consider point at the center of the diagram. Drawing in lines as shown below divides the region into 3 parts with equal areas. Because the full circle around point is divided into 3 angles of equal measure, each of these angles is 120 degrees in measure. Now consider a circle of radius 4 inscribed inside a regular hexagon: Now, the pieces of area inside the hexagon but outside the circle are identical to the pieces of area the original region was divided into. There were 3 pieces in the original diagram, but there are 6 in the hexagon picture. Thus, the area of the original region is the half the area inside the hexagon but outside the circle.
Because is equilateral, is a 30-60-90 right triangle, so . Thus, the side length of the equilateral triangle is . Now we know the base and the height so we can find the area of triangle to be . The entirety of hexagon can be divided into 6 such triangles, so the area of is . The area of the circle is . Thus, the area inside the heagon but outside the circle is . Thus, the area of the original region is .
Now we have , and . Adding, we get .
Because is equilateral, is a 30-60-90 right triangle, so . Thus, the side length of the equilateral triangle is . Now we know the base and the height so we can find the area of triangle to be . The entirety of hexagon can be divided into 6 such triangles, so the area of is . The area of the circle is . Thus, the area inside the heagon but outside the circle is . Thus, the area of the original region is .
Now we have , and . Adding, we get .
Final answer
11