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XI OBM

Brazil algebra

Problem

Let be the set of integers. is defined by for and for . Find the set of possible values of .
Solution
We show that for . For , we have . But , so for . Now for we use induction. We have which, by induction, is 91. So the range of is all the integers greater than or equal to 91.
Final answer
all integers greater than or equal to 91

Techniques

Functional EquationsInduction / smoothing