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Printsmc
geometry senior
Problem
A circle centered at with a radius of 1 and a circle centered at with a radius of 4 are externally tangent. A third circle is tangent to the first two and to one of their common external tangents as shown. What is the radius of the third circle? 
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Solution
As in solution 1, in triangle we have and , thus by the Pythagorean theorem or pythagorean triples in general, we have . Let be the radius. Let be the perpendicular intersecting point and line . because both perpendicular radii, and form a rectangle. We just have to find in terms of and solve for now. From the Pythagorean theorem and subtracting to get lengths, we get , which is simply
Final answer
D