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Selection tests for the Balkan Mathematical Olympiad 2013

Saudi Arabia 2013 algebra

Problem

Let be a real number satisfying the property: For any nonnegative real numbers with their sum equal to , it is possible to arrange them around a circle such that the products of any two neighboring numbers are no greater than . Determine the minimum value of .

problem
Solution
Assume, without loss of generality, that Because to get the smallest possible maximum, the best arrangement around the circle is In this case, the maximum is given by We have and the equality holds when , , and . We have, on the other hand, and the equality holds when , and . Therefore, the minimum possible value of is .
Final answer
1/9

Techniques

QM-AM-GM-HM / Power MeanJensen / smoothingCombinatorial optimization