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70th NMO SELECTION TESTS FOR THE JUNIOR BALKAN MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD

Romania geometry

Problem

Let a triangle, the incenter, the contact point of the incircle with the side and the foot of the bisector of the angle . If is the midpoint of the arc which contains the point of the circumcircle of the triangle and , prove that passes through the midpoint of .

Alexandru Gîrban
Solution
The bisector of the angle passes through the midpoint of the arc which does not contain the point . Denote this point by . is the perpendicular bisector of , so (both lines are perpendicular on ).

Also, and proves that the triangles and are similar, so .

Using the angle bisector theorem, we get .

It is known that (one might compute the angles of triangle ). We have .

We proved .

Using Menelaus's theorem in the triangle and the transversal (where ), we have .

Using the equality we proved before, we find , which means that is the midpoint of .

Techniques

Menelaus' theoremHomothetyTriangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleTangentsAngle chasing