Let a,b,c,d be real numbers, none of which are equal to −1, and let ω be a complex number such that ω3=1 and ω=1. If a+ω1+b+ω1+c+ω1+d+ω1=ω2,then find a+11+b+11+c+11+d+11.
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Since ω3=1,ω2=2ω2. Then multiplying both sides by (a+ω)(b+ω)(c+ω)(d+ω), we get (b+ω)(c+ω)(d+ω)+(a+ω)(c+ω)(d+ω)+(a+ω)(b+ω)(d+ω)+(a+ω)(b+ω)(c+ω)=2ω2(a+ω)(b+ω)(c+ω)(d+ω).Expanding both sides, we get 4ω3+3(a+b+c+d)ω2+2(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd)ω+(abc+abd+acd+bcd)=2ω6+2(a+b+c+d)ω5+2(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd)ω4+2(abc+abd+acd+bcd)ω3+2abcdω2.Since ω3=1, this simplifies to 3(a+b+c+d)ω2+2(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd)ω+(abc+abd+acd+bcd)+4=(2(a+b+c+d)+2abcd)ω2+2(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd)ω+2(abc+abd+acd+bcd)+2.Then (a+b+c+d−2abcd)ω2−abc−abd−acd−bcd+2=0.Since ω2 is nonreal, we must have a+b+c+d=2abcd. Then abc+abd+acd+bcd=2.