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geometry
Problem
Let be a triangle with . Let be the circumcenter of the triangle and let be the circumcircle of the triangle . Suppose that intersects the line segment at different from , and the line segment at different from . Let be a diameter of the circle . Prove that the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
Solution
From the assumption that the circle intersects both of the line segments and , it follows that the 4 points are located on in the order of or in the order of . The following argument for the proof of the assertion of the problem is valid in either case. Since and are subtended by the same arc of at the points and , respectively, on , we have .
We also have , since and are subtended by the same arc of the circumcircle of the triangle at the center of the circle and at the point on the circle, respectively. From and the fact that is a diameter of , it follows that the triangles and are congruent, and therefore we obtain . Consequently, we have , which shows that the 2 lines are parallel.
In the same manner, we can show that the 2 lines are also parallel. Thus, the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
We also have , since and are subtended by the same arc of the circumcircle of the triangle at the center of the circle and at the point on the circle, respectively. From and the fact that is a diameter of , it follows that the triangles and are congruent, and therefore we obtain . Consequently, we have , which shows that the 2 lines are parallel.
In the same manner, we can show that the 2 lines are also parallel. Thus, the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
Techniques
Triangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleAngle chasing