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IMO Team Selection Contest II

Estonia geometry

Problem

Let and be fixed points on the coordinate plane. A nonempty, bounded subset of the plane is said to be nice if (i) there is a point such that for every point , the segment lies entirely in ; and (ii) for any triangle , there exists a unique point and a permutation of the indices for which triangles and are similar. Prove that there exist two distinct nice subsets and of the set such that if and are the unique choices of points in (ii), then the product is a constant independent of the triangle .
Solution
See IMO 2016 shortlist, problem G3.

Techniques

InversionSpiral similarityCircle of ApolloniusConstructions and lociCartesian coordinates