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North Macedonia geometry
Problem
Circles and intersect in points and , such that passes through the center of the circle . The line intersects in points and and in points and , such that the point is between and . The point is orthogonal projection of the point to the line . Prove that the line is parallel to the -median of the triangle .
Solution
Let the point be the midpoint of the line segment . We have to prove . Let us introduce angle . Notice that Also, notice that the point is midpoint of the arc . Thus the line is bisector of the angle . From the two claims above, we deduce that is incenter of the triangle . Moreover, notice that is diameter of the circle , thus . Since is angle bisector of the angle we deduce that is exterior angle bisector of the same angle. Thus, since lies on angle bisector and exterior angle bisector , is the center of the excircle for the triangle .
Thus, we have to prove that the line passing through the incenter of the triangle and point of the tangency of incircle of the same triangle is parallel to the line passing through the center of the excircle and the midpoint of the line segment . This is a well known lemma, which completes the proof.
Thus, we have to prove that the line passing through the incenter of the triangle and point of the tangency of incircle of the same triangle is parallel to the line passing through the center of the excircle and the midpoint of the line segment . This is a well known lemma, which completes the proof.
Techniques
Triangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleTangentsAngle chasing