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PrintIndia_2017
India 2017 number theory
Problem
Let and be two integers and define , and for . If is a prime such that is divisible by , then show that there are integers and such that does not divide for any .
Solution
Let be an integer such that divides . There exists such an integer since is divisible by . Let and . Then Therefore, if and then . By induction, it is easy to see that . Since , it follows that does not divide . Therefore does not divide for any .
Techniques
Quadratic residuesRecurrence relations