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AustriaMO2013

Austria 2013 geometry

Problem

Points , and lie on a line in this order. For every circle passing through and , let be one of the common points of and the bisector of . Furthermore, let be the second common point of the line and .

Prove that the ratio is constant for all circles .

G. Baron, Vienna

problem
Solution
Let be the diametrically opposite point to on . Since is a point on the bisector of , we have , and therefore .



We see that is the internal bisector of , and since , is the external bisector. If we name , we see that and are harmonic with respect to and , since they are the points of intersection of perpendicular bisectors and with . Since is independent of the choice of , we see that must be as well, and since , the ratio is independent of the choice of , as claimed. □

Techniques

Polar triangles, harmonic conjugatesAngle chasing