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55rd Ukrainian National Mathematical Olympiad - Third Round (Second Tour)

Ukraine geometry

Problem

Circles and with centers and respectively intersect in points and . A straight line intersects in a point , that is not inside , and in a point , that is inside . Around the triangle a circle is circumscribed and intersects for the second time in a point . A straight line intersects in a point , and a straight line intersects a second time in a point . Prove that

problem


Fig. 24

a) points , , are collinear; b) points , , are collinear.
Solution
a) Let , then , because they are subtended by the same arc of the circle (Fig. 24), moreover , so , therefore , , are collinear.

b) Let , , , , then:

in other words , since , then , hence , that is , so and points , , are collinear.

Techniques

Cyclic quadrilateralsAngle chasingDistance chasing