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jmc

geometry senior

Problem

A circle with center has radius 25. Chord of length 30 and chord of length 14 intersect at point . The distance between the midpoints of the two chords is 12. The quantity can be represented as , where and are relatively prime positive integers. Find the remainder when is divided by 1000.
Solution
Let and be the midpoints of and , respectively, such that intersects . Since and are midpoints, and . and are located on the circumference of the circle, so . The line through the midpoint of a chord of a circle and the center of that circle is perpendicular to that chord, so and are right triangles (with and being the right angles). By the Pythagorean Theorem, , and . Let , , and be lengths , , and , respectively. OEP and OFP are also right triangles, so , and We are given that has length 12, so, using the Law of Cosines with : Substituting for and , and applying the Cosine of Sum formula: and are acute angles in right triangles, so substitute opposite/hypotenuse for sines and adjacent/hypotenuse for cosines: Combine terms and multiply both sides by : Combine terms again, and divide both sides by 64: Square both sides: This reduces to ; .
Final answer
57