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Printjmc
number theory senior
Problem
What is the smallest positive integer for which leaves a remainder of when divided by ?
Solution
Suppose is a solution to the congruence Then, by multiplying both sides by , we see that satisfies The left side of this congruence is equivalent to , so we have .
Since is relatively prime to , it has an inverse . (In fact, we know this inverse: it's .) Thus we can reverse the steps above by multiplying both sides by . So, any integer satisfying is a solution to the original congruence.
The smallest positive integer in this solution set is .
Since is relatively prime to , it has an inverse . (In fact, we know this inverse: it's .) Thus we can reverse the steps above by multiplying both sides by . So, any integer satisfying is a solution to the original congruence.
The smallest positive integer in this solution set is .
Final answer
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