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counting and probability intermediate
Problem
A point with coordinates is randomly selected such that and . What is the probability that the coordinates of the point will satisfy ? Express your answer as a common fraction.

Solution
The point can be randomly selected anywhere inside the orange square, which has area . The point satisfies the given inequality if it lies within the shaded region (the diagonal side of the shaded region is a segment of the line ). We will find its area by subtracting the area of the non-shaded region from the area of the square. The non-shaded region is a triangle with base of length 10 and height of length 4, so its area is . The area of the shaded region is then . So the probability that the point falls within the shaded region is .
Final answer
\frac{4}{5}