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Printjmc
counting and probability senior
Problem
Two mathematicians take a morning coffee break each day. They arrive at the cafeteria independently, at random times between 9 a.m. and 10 a.m., and stay for exactly minutes. The probability that either one arrives while the other is in the cafeteria is and where and are positive integers, and is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find
Solution
Let the two mathematicians be and . Consider plotting the times that they are on break on a coordinate plane with one axis being the time arrives and the second axis being the time arrives (in minutes past 9 a.m.). The two mathematicians meet each other when . Also because the mathematicians arrive between 9 and 10, . Therefore, square represents the possible arrival times of the mathematicians, while the shaded region represents the arrival times where they meet.It's easier to compute the area of the unshaded region over the area of the total region, which is the probability that the mathematicians do not meet: So the answer is .
Final answer
87