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smc

geometry senior

Problem

problem
Two circles are externally tangent. Lines and are common tangents with and on the smaller circle and on the larger circle. If , then the area of the smaller circle is
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Solution
Using the tangent-tangent theorem, . We can then drop perpendiculars from the centers of the circles to the points of tangency and use similar triangles. Let us let the center of the smaller circle be point and the center of the larger circle be point . If we let the radius of the larger circle be and the radius of the smaller circle be , we can see that, using similar triangle, . In addition, the total hypotenuse of the larger right triangles equals since half of it is , so . If we simplify, we get , so , so . This means that the smaller circle has area , which is answer choice .
Final answer
B