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smc

number theory senior

Problem

There is more than one integer greater than which, when divided by any integer such that , has a remainder of . What is the difference between the two smallest such integers?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Solution
Let this integer be . We have , , . Recall that if and then We see that since , , . We have From to , contains the largest power of , contains the largest power of , and contains the largest power of . Thus, our lcm is equal to Since , our smallest values of are and The difference between these values is simply the value of
Final answer
C