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Baltic Way 2023 Shortlist

Baltic Way 2023 number theory

Problem

(a) Let . Determine whether there exists a labelling of an grid such that the following condition is fulfilled: The difference of any two transversal products is always divisible by .

(b) Let . Determine whether there exists a labelling of a grid such that the following condition is fulfilled: The difference of any two transversal products is always divisible by .
Solution
See solution of Problem C 3.
Final answer
Yes for n = 8 (mod 65), and yes for n = 10 (mod 101).

Techniques

Modular ArithmeticInvariants / monovariants