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jmc

algebra senior

Problem

Let be an ordered pair of real numbers that satisfies the equation . What is the minimum value of ?
Solution
Moving all the terms to the LHS, we have the equation . Completing the square on the quadratic in , we add to both sides. Completing the square on the quadratic in , we add to both sides. We have the equation Rearranging, we have . Taking the square root and solving for , we get . Since is always nonnegative, the minimum value of is achieved when we use a negative sign in front of the square root. Now, we want the largest possible value of the square root. In other words, we want to maximize . Since is always nonnegative, is maximized when or when . At this point, and . Thus, the minimum value is .

--OR--

Similar to the solution above, we can complete the square to get the equation . This equation describes a circle with center at and radius . The minimum value of is achieved at the point on the left side of the circle, which is located at . Thus, the minimum value of is .
Final answer
-18