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THE 68th NMO SELECTION TESTS FOR THE JUNIOR BALKAN MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD

Romania number theory

Problem

Let and be two positive integers such that . Prove that, if is a prime number for each positive divisor of , then is a prime number.
Solution
For it follows that is a prime.

For it follows that is a prime. As does not divide (being larger than ), from Fermat's Theorem we get , hence . It follows that , hence . We have seen at the beginning that is a prime.

Techniques

Fermat / Euler / Wilson theoremsPrime numbers