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Chinese Mathematical Olympiad

China geometry

Problem

Given an acute triangle , . Let points , be on sides and , respectively. Let , be the midpoints of segments and , respectively. Lines and intersect at point . Draw at point and at point .

(1) Prove that if , , , are concyclic, then

(2) Are the four points , , , always concyclic if ? Prove your answer.

problem


problem
Solution
(1) Denote by , the midpoints of , , respectively. It is easy to see that and Because , , , are concyclic, and , are the midpoints of , , we have So , which implies that , and . Similarly, we have , so holds.

(2) Suppose that , , , and Then So Making similar equations for , , , we have Because , holds if and only if , (i.e. , , , are concyclic) or , (which follows , a contradiction); holds if and only if ; holds if and only if , , , are concyclic. So, when holds, we also have We know that , , , are not concyclic in this case because , so the answer is "false".
Final answer
No

Techniques

Cyclic quadrilateralsTrigonometryAngle chasingDistance chasing