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European Mathematical Cup

North Macedonia geometry

Problem

Let be a cyclic quadrilateral with the intersection of internal angle bisectors of and lying on the diagonal . Let be the midpoint of . The line parallel to that passes through intersects the line in and the circumcircle of at where . Prove that is a parallelogram.
Solution
We prove the problem in reverse as this is much more natural in this problem. We note that if is a parallelogram then the diagonales are bisecting each other so the point should be the midpoint of . If is the midpoint of then and are congruent as and gives and . Hence this implies and in particular is a parallelogram as its diagonals bisect each other. Hence being midpoint of is equivalent to our problem. As is the midpoint of by the midline theorem applied to triangle we have is the midpoint of if and only if . Hence we only need to prove . Now we further notice that, using , this is equivalent to . We further see that as they are angles over the same chord. So our claim is equivalent to . We add that here depending on the relative position of on the circles we might have but then so the final conclusion still holds. We know that as they are angles over the same chord. Now this us that our claim is equivalent to the claim . The same angle equality shows that this is equivalent to . Using the fact is the midpoint of we have so our claim is equivalent to . We further have by the angle bisector theorem applied to and : So using this our claim is equivalent to which we can recognise to the Ptolemy's theorem for cyclic quadrilaterals.

Techniques

Cyclic quadrilateralsAngle chasingDistance chasing