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Macedonian Junior Mathematical Olympiad

North Macedonia counting and probability

Problem

Let every one of the numbers , , ..., be equal to or and also: Prove that is divisible by .
Solution
Let (clearly , , ). All are or . Then, by the conditions of the problem, we get . Therefore and moreover exactly of the numbers are equal to and the remaining are equal to . But then . On the other hand, notice that , from where we get that , hence , i.e. .

Techniques

Counting two waysDivisibility / Factorization