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Saudi Arabian IMO Booklet

Saudi Arabia geometry

Problem

Point on side of quadrilateral is such that quadrilaterals and are circumscribed around circles centered at and respectively. Line cuts an isosceles triangle with vertex from angle . Prove that is a cyclic quadrilateral.

problem
Solution
If then the incircles of and have equal radii; now the problem conditions imply that the whole picture is symmetric about the perpendicular from to , and hence is an isosceles trapezoid (or a rectangle). The conclusion in this case is true.



Now suppose that the lines and meet at a point ; we may assume that lies between and . The points and lie on the bisector of the angle . By the problem condition, this angle bisector forms equal angles with the lines and ; this yields . Since and are the incenter of and an excenter of , respectively, we have so the quadrilateral is cyclic. Next, the same points are an excenter of and the incenter of , respectively, so this implies the desired cyclicity of the quadrilateral .

Techniques

Cyclic quadrilateralsTangentsAngle chasingTriangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circle