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58th Ukrainian National Mathematical Olympiad

Ukraine number theory

Problem

Given three pairwise distinct positive integers , , , whose product is . Determine the smallest possible prime sum of these numbers.
Solution
Clearly, their sum is greater than , so the prime sum has to be odd. Since all three numbers can't be odd simultaneously, since their product is , then two numbers are even and one is odd. There are exactly two odd divisors of : and . Consider these cases.

, the following is possible:

, , is prime. , , is not prime. , , is not prime. , , is prime and less than . , , .

, the following is possible: , , is not prime. , , is not prime.
Final answer
37

Techniques

Prime numbersFactorization techniques