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49th Mathematical Olympiad in Ukraine

Ukraine number theory

Problem

Find the biggest 3-digit number which satisfies the following three conditions: 1) the number is prime; 2) the 3-digit number obtained by writing the digits of our number in the reverse order is a prime too; 3) the product of the digits is a prime too.
Solution
As the product of the digits this number has is prime, then these digits are (not necessarily in this order) and the digit is a prime number. Obviously, because otherwise the sum of the digits is divisible by and the number isn't prime. The digits and can stay only between both digits , then we obtain the numbers and . If , then we have numbers , and . The biggest from these numbers is .
Final answer
311

Techniques

Prime numbers