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geometry

Problem

Let be an isosceles triangle with and . Its circumcircle has center , is the midpoint of and is the foot of the perpendicular from to . With center and radius we draw a circle which internally intersects at the point and the circle at the points and , such that lies on the small arc and on the small arc . Prove that the lines , , are concurrent.

Brazitikos Silouanos, Greece

problem
Solution


Let be the intersection point of and . Then lies on the radical axis of the two circles, so it has equal powers to both circles. The power of the point with respect to the one circle is , while the power to the other circle is .

From the theorem of Pythagoras in triangle we get . We set , , and combining all the above yields , hence , i.e. .

This means that is the midpoint of . Moreover, we have , so the points , , , are on the same circle – let it be – and the center of this circle is .

From the cyclic quadrilateral we have that , but we have also that , so the lines , are parallel, hence and, since is a chord of the circle, . (1)

The triangle is isosceles and is bisector, so , and this means that . It follows that is an isosceles trapezium, so (2), and from (1) and (2) we have that ().

From the isosceles trapezium we also have that (3). Since is an altitude in the isosceles triangle , it will be also angle bisector, so (4).

From (3) and (4) we conclude that , so (). From (
) and () we get that is a parallelogram, which is the desired result.

Techniques

Radical axis theoremCyclic quadrilateralsAngle chasingTriangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleConcurrency and Collinearity