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counting and probability senior
Problem
Integers , , , and , not necessarily distinct, are chosen independently and at random from 0 to 2007, inclusive. What is the probability that is even?
Solution
The number is even if and only if and are both odd or are both even. Each of and is odd if both of its factors are odd, and even otherwise. Exactly half of the integers from 0 to 2007 are odd, so each of and is odd with probability and are even with probability . Hence the probability that is even is
Final answer
\frac{5}{8}