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Mongolia geometry
Problem
Circles with equal radius intersect in two points. The line joining centres of these circles intersects in points , and intersects in points , . ( is between and , is between and ). Draw a circle with diameter tangent internally at and tangent internally to at . Let be tangent line to the at point and let be tangent line to the at point . intersects in a point . Tangent lines from the point to the circle intersects line in and . Find length of line segment . (proposed by G. Munkhbayar)

Solution
Let , , . By Pythagorean theorem:
By tangent theorem: . (by (), ()) . Now let's find area of triangle . $$ \text{Hence } \Rightarrow 2Rx - xz = 2Rx - 2zR \Rightarrow x = 2R.
By tangent theorem: . (by (), ()) . Now let's find area of triangle . $$ \text{Hence } \Rightarrow 2Rx - xz = 2Rx - 2zR \Rightarrow x = 2R.
Final answer
2R
Techniques
TangentsDistance chasing